PTE Core Reading Mock Tests

Use these sample PTE Core Reading Mock Tests (completely free) that cover all question types and come with answer sheets!

 

(Time 27-38 minutes): 

PTE Core: Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks. Question 1: 

 

Dear Tech Innovators, 

In the ever-accelerating realm of technology, the landscape is continually reshaped by breakthroughs that challenge our perceptions and push the boundaries of what’s possible. At the forefront of this evolution is artificial intelligence (AI), a domain _____ (1) _____ that has become a catalyst for transformation across industries. From healthcare to finance, AI is not just automating tasks but also enabling more sophisticated and personalized solutions. 

The ethical implications of AI development are a topic _____ (2) _____ of intense debate. As machines become increasingly capable of decision-making, the lines between human and algorithmic judgment blur, raising questions about accountability, privacy, and bias. These concerns underscore the importance of integrating ethical considerations into the fabric of technological innovation. 

Moreover, the integration of AI into everyday life has revolutionized the way we interact with the world around us. Smart devices and virtual assistants are examples _____ (3) _____ of how AI has permeated our daily routines, offering convenience and efficiency but also necessitating a reevaluation of our relationship with technology. 

The potential for AI to address global challenges is immense, yet it requires a collaborative effort _____ (4) _____ among developers, policymakers, and the public to ensure that its benefits are realized ethically and equitably. This collaboration is crucial for harnessing AI’s potential while mitigating its risks. 

As we venture further into the age of artificial intelligence, let us embrace the opportunities _____ (5) _____ it presents with a mindful approach to its ethical, social, and technological implications. The journey ahead promises to be one of discovery and debate, shaping the future of our digital world. 

Yours in innovation, 

Riley

 

Multiple Choice Options: Gap 1 

1. A) wherein 
2. B) whereby 
3. C) whereupon 
4. D) wherewith

Gap 2 

1. A) at hand 
2. B) in question 
3. C) under discussion D) on the table

Gap 3 

1. A) wherein 
2. B) whereby 
3. C) whereupon 
4. D) wherewith

Gap 4 

1. A) in the midst of 
2. B) at the helm of 
3. C) through the lens of D) on the brink of

HZad Education Inc. [email protected] 

Gap 5 

1. A) at hand 
2. B) in light of 
3. C) by means of 
4. D) through the prism of

 

Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks. Question 2: 

Dear Sustainability Advocates, 

The journey toward environmental sustainability is a multifaceted endeavor, one _____ (1) _____ by the collective efforts of individuals, communities, and governments worldwide. It is a path marked by innovation and a commitment to preserving our planet for future generations. Engaging in sustainable practices requires a shift in mindset _____ (2) _____ prioritizes long-term ecological health over short-term gains. 

One of the pillars of sustainability is the reduction of waste, a goal _____ (3) _____ can be achieved through mindful consumption and the promotion of recycling and reuse. By minimizing our waste footprint, we contribute to a healthier planet and a more sustainable economy. 

Additionally, the transition to renewable energy sources stands as a critical challenge _____ (4) _____ holds the promise of a cleaner, more sustainable future. This shift not only addresses the pressing issue of climate change but also reduces our dependence on fossil fuels, fostering energy independence and security. 

As we continue to explore and implement sustainable solutions, let us remember that every action counts. Together, we can pave the way _____ (5) _____ a more sustainable world, where environmental preservation and human prosperity go hand in hand. 

In solidarity, 

Camille 

 

Multiple Choice Options: 

Gap 1 

1. A) championed 
2. B) hindered 
3. C) overlooked 
4. D) facilitated

 

Gap 2 

1. A) that 
2. B) which 
3. C) where 
4. D) through

Gap 3 

1. A) that 
2. B) which 
3. C) where 
4. D) who

Gap 4 

1. A) that 
2. B) which 
3. C) where 
4. D) who

Gap 5 

1. A) toward 
2. B) against 
3. C) from 
4. D) beyond

 

 

Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks. Question 3: 

 

Dear Environmental Advocates, 

In the midst of a rapidly changing climate, the call to protect our planet has never been more urgent. Environmental conservation is a mission _____ (1) _____ that requires collective action from individuals, communities, and nations worldwide. It’s a battle against time to safeguard our natural resources, preserve biodiversity, and combat the adverse effects of climate change. 

The power of grassroots movements in driving change cannot be understated. It’s through local initiatives _____ (2) _____ where communities come together to implement sustainable practices, from reforestation projects to pollution clean-up drives. These efforts underscore the significance of individual and communal responsibility in the larger environmental narrative. 

Moreover, the advancement of green technologies presents a beacon of hope. Innovations _____ (3) _____ in renewable energy, waste management, and conservation techniques are pivotal in transitioning towards a more sustainable and eco-friendly future. Embracing these technologies is essential for reducing our carbon footprint and promoting environmental health. 

The role of education in environmental conservation is also crucial. By raising awareness and fostering an understanding of ecological issues, we empower individuals _____ (4) _____ to make informed choices that benefit the planet. Knowledge is a powerful tool in mobilizing action and inspiring a new generation of 

environmental stewards. 

As we forge ahead, let us remain committed to the ideals of conservation and sustainability, driven by the belief _____ (5) _____ in a better future for our planet. The journey may be challenging, but the rewards of a healthier, more resilient Earth are immeasurable. 

With hope for a greener tomorrow, 

Alex 

 

Multiple Choice Options: 

Gap 1

1. A) whence 
2. B) within 
3. C) whereby 
4. D) wherewithal

Gap 2 

1. A) amongst 
2. B) through 
3. C) over 
4. D) within

Gap 3 

1. A) for 
2. B) with 
3. C) towards 
4. D) against

Gap 4 

1. A) for 
2. B) with 
3. C) towards 
4. D) against

Gap 5 

1. A) for
2. B) with 
3. C) towards 
4. D) against

 

Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks. Question 4: 

The fusion of culinary traditions from around the globe has led to the emergence of a vibrant food culture that transcends borders and palates. The process of culinary fusion, _____ (1) _____ a term often associated with the blending of ingredients and techniques from disparate cuisines, offers an expansive array of flavors and experiences. This gastronomic phenomenon underscores the universal language of food and its power to unite people across different cultures. 

One notable aspect of this trend is the incorporation of exotic spices and ingredients, _____ (2) _____ which chefs use to craft dishes that challenge traditional taste profiles and introduce diners to uncharted sensory journeys. These innovations not only enhance the culinary experience but also promote a deeper appreciation for the diversity of global food traditions. 

Moreover, the role of street food in culinary fusion cannot be overlooked. Street food vendors, _____ (3) _____ with their ability to quickly adapt and innovate, often serve as pioneers in introducing fusion dishes to a broader audience. Their creations are a testament to the dynamic nature of food culture, where simplicity meets complexity in the most delightful ways. 

The influence of technology and social media in shaping contemporary food trends is also significant. Platforms that facilitate the sharing of culinary discoveries _____ (4) _____ have become instrumental in the global spread of fusion cuisine. Through these digital channels, individuals gain access to an endless stream of inspiration, driving the continuous evolution of food culture. 

As culinary fusion progresses, it challenges the purists who argue for the preservation of traditional cuisines in their authentic forms. However, it is the blend of respect for heritage and the embrace of innovation _____ (5) _____ that truly defines the spirit of modern gastronomy. This balance ensures that while cuisines continue to evolve, their roots remain honored and intact. 

 

Multiple Choice Options: 

Gap 1 

1. A) is 
2. B) being
3. C) as 
4. D) in

Gap 2 

1. A) through 
2. B) with 
3. C) by 
4. D) from

Gap 3 

1. A) wherein 
2. B) whereby 
3. C) where 
4. D) while

Gap 4 

1. A) alike 
2. B) such as 
3. C) likewise 
4. D) including

Gap 5 

1. A) within 
2. B) through 
3. C) between
4. D) among

 

15-hour All-Inclusive PTE Core Course!

Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks. Question 5: 

In the intricate world of modern finance, the phenomenon of cryptocurrency has introduced a paradigm shift, challenging traditional banking systems and offering a new perspective on assets and transactions. Cryptocurrency operates on the principle of blockchain technology, _____ (1) _____ a decentralized ledger that ensures transparency and security, fundamentally altering how transactions are recorded and trust is established. 

One of the cornerstones of cryptocurrency’s appeal is its potential for financial inclusion, _____ (2) _____ offering unbanked populations access to banking services without the need for traditional banking infrastructure. This aspect has the power to democratize financial services, making them more accessible across the globe. 

Despite its benefits, the volatile nature of cryptocurrency markets poses significant risks. Prices can fluctuate wildly based on market sentiment, regulatory news, and technological advancements. Investors and users must navigate these waters with caution, _____ (3) _____ as the landscape is fraught with both opportunity and peril. 

Regulatory bodies worldwide are grappling with how to approach cryptocurrency. The lack of uniform regulation _____ (4) _____ complicates matters, creating a patchwork of rules that vary significantly from one jurisdiction to another. This inconsistency can deter investment and stifle innovation, highlighting the need for a balanced approach to regulation. 

The future of cryptocurrency remains a topic of intense debate. Enthusiasts see it as the dawn of a new era in finance, _____ (5) _____ where digital currencies play a central role in everyday transactions. Skeptics, however, question its long-term viability and impact on global financial stability. The path forward is uncertain, but the implications of cryptocurrency will undoubtedly shape the economic landscape for years to come. 

 

Multiple Choice Options: 

Gap 1 

1. A) epitomizing 
2. B) exemplifying 
3. C) embodying 
4. D) constituting

HZad Education Inc. [email protected] 

Gap 2 

1. A) thereby 
2. B) hence 
3. C) thus 
4. D) whereby 

Gap 3 

1. A) wherein 
2. B) whereby 
3. C) in which 
4. D) through which 

Gap 4 

1. A) results in 
2. B) leads to 
3. C) contributes to 
4. D) gives rise to 

Gap 5 

1. A) envisioning 
2. B) envisaging 
3. C) predicting 
4. D) foreseeing

 

 

PTE Core Reading: Multiple-Choice, Multiple Answers Question 1: 

In an era where global connectivity and digital innovation continue to redefine the boundaries of the telecommunications industry, our company stands on the brink of a transformative leap forward. With the introduction of our Next-Gen Network Expansion Project, we are not merely upgrading our existing infrastructure; we are reimagining the future of communication. This ambitious project encompasses a comprehensive overhaul of our network architecture, integrating cutting-edge technologies and pioneering new service offerings that promise to elevate the user experience to unprecedented levels. 

At the heart of this initiative is the deployment of 5G technology, which will usher in a new era of ultra-fast internet speeds, lower latency, and enhanced reliability. But our vision extends beyond the mere provision of faster connectivity. We are also incorporating advanced IoT solutions to facilitate smart cities and connected ecosystems, laying the groundwork for a future where everything from household appliances to urban infrastructure is seamlessly interconnected. 

Moreover, the project places a strong emphasis on sustainability, with the introduction of energy-efficient network components and the adoption of green energy sources, reflecting our commitment to environmental stewardship. In parallel, we are enhancing our cybersecurity measures to safeguard against the increasingly sophisticated threats of the digital age, ensuring that our network is not only faster and more reliable but also more secure. 

In addition to these technological advancements, the Next-Gen Network Expansion Project is designed to foster digital inclusivity. By extending our reach to underserved and rural areas, we aim to bridge the digital divide, providing communities with access to high-quality telecommunications services that can unlock new opportunities for education, business, and healthcare. 

As we embark on this journey, we are mindful of the challenges ahead. The complexity of integrating new technologies with existing infrastructure, the need for substantial investment, and the imperative to navigate regulatory landscapes are just some of the hurdles we must overcome. Yet, we are confident that with our talented team, our innovative spirit, and our unwavering commitment to our customers, we will not only meet these challenges but also redefine what is possible in the telecommunications industry.

HZad Education Inc. 

[email protected] 

 

Question: What are the primary goals of the Next-Gen Network Expansion Project according to the passage? 

1. A) To solely enhance internet speeds for urban users. 
2. B) To integrate 5G technology and advanced IoT solutions for improved connectivity and smart city capabilities. 
3. C) To focus exclusively on cybersecurity measures without upgrading physical network infrastructure. 
4. D) To promote digital inclusivity by expanding network coverage to underserved and rural areas. 
5. E) To implement sustainability measures through the use of energy-efficient components and green energy.

 

 

Multiple-Choice, Multiple Answers Question 2: 

In an ambitious stride toward redefining the landscape of the retail industry, our company has embarked on a visionary project that promises to blend the convenience of online shopping with the tactile experience of in-store browsing. Dubbed the “Virtual Shopping Revolution,” this initiative aims to leverage cutting-edge virtual reality (VR) technology to create immersive shopping experiences that transcend the limitations of traditional e-commerce and physical retail spaces alike. 

The cornerstone of this initiative is the development of a proprietary VR platform that allows customers to navigate a fully interactive, 3D virtual store from the comfort of their homes. This platform is not merely a digital catalogue but a dynamic, immersive environment where customers can explore products as if they were physically present in the store. From trying on fashion items to visualizing furniture in a virtual home setting, the platform offers a new dimension of product interaction and engagement. 

Integral to this project is the customization of the shopping experience. Utilizing advanced data analytics and AI, the VR platform will offer personalized recommendations and curated experiences based on individual customer preferences and shopping history, thereby enhancing customer satisfaction and loyalty. 

Moreover, the initiative encompasses a sustainability angle, with the VR shopping experience designed to reduce the carbon footprint associated with traditional retail, from minimizing the need for physical inventory to cutting down on the emissions from customer travel to and from brick-and-mortar locations. 

However, the project’s ambitions extend beyond the consumer experience. By integrating real-time inventory management and advanced logistics algorithms, the Virtual Shopping Revolution aims to streamline supply chain operations, reducing waste and improving efficiency. This, combined with the platform’s potential to reach underserved markets, underscores our commitment to innovation, inclusivity, and environmental responsibility. 

As we forge ahead with this project, we are keenly aware of the technological and logistical challenges that lie in its path. From ensuring seamless integration of VR technology with existing e-commerce systems to maintaining high standards of data security and privacy, the journey ahead is fraught with hurdles. Yet, with our talented team and pioneering spirit, we are poised to lead the charge in transforming the retail industry for a more sustainable, inclusive, and technologically advanced future.

 

 

Question: What are the main objectives of the Virtual Shopping Revolution initiative according to the passage? 

1. A) To completely replace physical retail stores with VR technology. B) To provide a personalized and immersive shopping experience using VR and AI. C) To focus solely on enhancing online shopping without improving the supply chain. D) To improve environmental sustainability by reducing the retail industry’s carbon footprint. 
2. E) To streamline supply chain operations and expand market reach through advanced logistics.

 

Reorder Paragraph, Question 1: 

Reorder the following sentences into their correct sequence. 

Scrambled Passage: 

1. “After several iterations, our prototype finally met the high standards we had set, signaling it was time to present our solution to potential investors and partners.” B. “The idea for the startup sparked during a late-night brainstorming session among friends, where we identified a gap in the market that our skills could address.” C. “Securing our first major client was a milestone that validated our hard work, as they were impressed by our innovative solution and the potential impact it could have on their operations.” 
2. “With the business plan refined and our team in place, we began the arduous process of pitching to venture capitalists, facing a series of rejections before finally securing the funding needed to move forward.” 
3. “Initial feedback from early adopters was invaluable, guiding us through a series of revisions to our product, each change bringing us closer to a market-ready version.” F. “The formation of our core team followed the ideation phase, as we sought out individuals with the complementary skills necessary to bring our vision to life.”

 

Reorder Paragraph, Question 2: 

Reorder the following sentences into their correct sequence. 

Scrambled Passage: 

1. “Winning a prestigious cooking competition catapulted my reputation, allowing me to establish my own restaurant, which soon became a culinary destination for food enthusiasts.” 
2. “My culinary journey began in my grandmother’s kitchen, where I was first introduced to the basics of cooking and the love for crafting delicious meals.” 
3. “To hone my skills further, I traveled the world, learning from various cultures and their cooking techniques, which greatly influenced my approach to creating new dishes.” 
4. “After years of hard work, I finally earned the opportunity to work under a renowned chef, whose mentorship was pivotal in refining my skills and understanding of sophisticated culinary practices.” 
5. “The experience of working in different kitchens, from small local diners to high-end restaurants, provided me with a diverse set of skills and a deep appreciation for various culinary traditions.” 
6. “With a solid foundation and a growing passion, I decided to pursue formal culinary education, enrolling in a prestigious cooking school to learn the theoretical and practical aspects of gastronomy.”

 

___

BEST FREE PTE Core Videos and Advice:

https://www.youtube.com/@hzadeducation-coachingcent986

___

 

PTE Core Reading: Fill in the blanks – Question 1: 

The text below is from a discourse on the challenges of implementing artificial intelligence (AI) in various sectors. Some of the words are missing. Drag words from the box below to the appropriate place in the text. To undo an answer choice, drag the word back to the box below the text. 

The widespread adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) across various sectors has been both a boon and a challenge. While AI has the potential to revolutionize industries by enhancing __________ and automating routine tasks, it also raises significant __________ issues. The development and deployment of AI systems must be carefully managed to avoid bias and ensure fairness in decision-making processes. Furthermore, the integration of AI into the workforce poses __________ dilemmas, as it necessitates the re-skilling of employees to keep pace with technological advancements. Additionally, the need for __________ in AI applications is paramount to gain public trust and ensure that these technologies are used responsibly. 

• efficiency
• ethical
• transparency
• socioeconomic
• operational
• reliability
• adaptation

 

Fill in the blanks – Question 2: 

The passage below is from a discussion on the implications of globalization for cultural identity. Some of the words are missing. Drag words from the box below to the appropriate place in the text. To undo an answer choice, drag the word back to the box below the text. 

Globalization has led to an increased exchange of goods, ideas, and people across the globe, resulting in a more interconnected world. This phenomenon has both enriched and challenged traditional __________, as cultures blend and influence one another. The proliferation of international media and the internet has further accelerated cultural __________, making foreign films, music, and art more accessible to diverse audiences. However, this exposure also raises concerns about cultural __________, with critics arguing that globalization can lead to a homogenization of distinct cultural identities. To preserve cultural diversity, it is essential to promote __________ initiatives that support local traditions and languages while embracing the benefits of global interconnectedness. 

• homogeneity
• assimilation
• diffusion
• preservation
• identities
• erosion
• exchange

 

 

Fill in the blanks – Question 3: 

The passage below is from a discussion on the future of work in the context of automation and artificial intelligence (AI). Some of the words are missing. Drag words from the box below to the appropriate place in the text. To undo an answer choice, drag the word back to the box below the text. 

The rapid advancement of automation and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies has sparked a debate on the impact these innovations will have on the future of work. Experts predict that many traditional jobs will be __________, leading to significant shifts in the workforce. However, this technological evolution also presents opportunities for the creation of new job categories that did not previously exist. The challenge for society is to ensure that the workforce is __________ for these changes through education and training programs. Moreover, the role of human creativity and __________ in the workplace is expected to become increasingly important, as these are qualities that AI cannot easily replicate. To adapt successfully, policies must be developed that support workforce __________ and encourage continuous learning and skill development. 

• displaced
• prepared
• innovation
• resilience
• obsolete
• adaptability
• engagement

 

 

Fill in the blanks – Question 4: 

The passage below is from a reflection on the philosophical implications of virtual reality (VR) technology on human perception and experience. Some of the words are missing. Drag words from the box below to the appropriate place in the text. To undo an answer choice, drag the word back to the box below the text. 

As virtual reality (VR) technology becomes increasingly sophisticated, it challenges our conventional notions of reality and __________. By immersing users in entirely fabricated environments, VR offers a unique opportunity to explore __________ realms that were previously unimaginable. This blurring of lines between the real and the virtual raises questions about the __________ of our experiences and the nature of existence itself. Philosophers argue that VR has the potential to expand our understanding of consciousness by providing new perspectives on __________ and self-awareness. In this context, the development of VR technology not only represents a leap in digital innovation but also invites a deeper examination of the __________ aspects of human perception. 

• subjective
• cognitive
• existential
• perceptual
• ontological
• immersive
• phenomenological

 

 

PTE Core Reading: Multiple Choice, Single Answer – Question 1: 

Review the details of the “Future of Transportation Symposium” and answer the following question by selecting the most suitable option from the list provided. Only one answer is correct. 

The “Future of Transportation Symposium,” scheduled to occur at the Metropolitan Convention Center from June 15th to June 18th, aims to explore the next generation of transportation solutions, emphasizing sustainability, innovation, and smart technology integration. This event is poised to attract industry leaders, policymakers, researchers, and enthusiasts keen on shaping the mobility landscape of the future. 

The symposium commences with the “Innovators’ Keynote Sessions,” where visionaries in transportation technology will share insights into emerging trends, such as autonomous vehicles, electric transportation solutions, and advanced urban mobility frameworks. These sessions are designed to inspire and provoke thought on the potential shifts in how we move through our world. 

A central feature of the event is the “Tech Demo Pavilion,” an expansive showcase where companies and startups present their latest prototypes and technologies. This interactive space allows attendees to experience firsthand the cutting-edge advancements in transportation, from self-driving cars to e-bikes, drones, and beyond. 

The “Policy and Planning Panels” will delve into the regulatory and infrastructural challenges and opportunities presented by new transportation modalities. These discussions aim to bridge the gap between innovation and practical implementation, featuring experts in public policy, urban planning, and environmental science. 

Furthermore, the “Sustainable Mobility Workshops” offer practical sessions focused on integrating green technologies and methods into transportation planning and design. Participants will learn about the latest in sustainable practices, including the use of renewable energy sources and the development of eco-friendly transportation networks. 

Question: Which part of the symposium specifically provides hands-on experience with the latest transportation technologies? 

1. “Innovators’ Keynote Sessions”
2. “Tech Demo Pavilion” 
3. Policy and Planning Panels”
4. “Sustainable Mobility Workshops”

 

 

Multiple Choice, Single Answer – Question 2: 

Peruse the information about the “Global Renewable Energy Conference” and respond to the following inquiry by selecting the appropriate choice from the provided options. Only one response is accurate. 

The “Global Renewable Energy Conference,” scheduled from August 25th to August 28th at the International EcoTech Center, is a premier event dedicated to advancing the global transition towards sustainable energy sources. This conference will bring together experts, innovators, policymakers, and activists from around the world to share knowledge, strategies, and innovations in the field of renewable energy. 

The conference will open with the “Leaders in Sustainability” plenary sessions, where key figures in the renewable energy sector will discuss the latest trends, challenges, and opportunities in solar, wind, hydro, and bioenergy. These sessions are designed to provide comprehensive insights into the current state and future prospects of renewable energy technologies. 

One of the standout features of the conference is the “Innovation Showcase,” a dynamic exhibition of the latest breakthroughs in renewable energy technology. Here, companies and research institutions will display their cutting-edge projects, from advanced solar panels and wind turbines to innovative energy storage solutions and green transportation technologies. 

Additionally, the “Policy Roundtable” will focus on discussions around international, national, and local policies affecting renewable energy development and implementation. This segment aims to foster dialogue on how policy frameworks can support or hinder the growth of renewable energies. 

The “Green Tech Workshops” offer practical, hands-on learning experiences where attendees can engage with new technologies and methodologies in renewable energy. These workshops are designed to equip participants with the knowledge and skills to implement sustainable energy solutions in their communities or fields of work. 

Question: Which component of the conference is specifically aimed at displaying the latest advancements in renewable energy technology? 

1. “Leaders in Sustainability” plenary sessions 
2. “Innovation Showcase”
3. “Policy Roundtable”
4. “Green Tech Workshops”

 

Why do students fail PTE Core? This course not only explains that but GUARANTEES your results or your MONEY-BACK! With 100,000 copies sold, check out why this course has internet’s best reviews (IMMEDIATE ACCESS AVAILABLE): https://hzadeducation.com/product/15-hour-all-inclusive-pte-core-course/

 

PTE Core Reading: Answers: 

Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks. Question 1: 

Gap 1: B) whereby 

• “Whereby” is the correct choice because it refers to the means or process by which something happens. In the context of AI being a catalyst for transformation across industries, “whereby” accurately describes the process or method through which AI enables this transformation. “Wherein” suggests a location or context, “whereupon” implies a sequence of events, and “wherewith” is archaic and not suited to this context.

Gap 2: C) under discussion 

• “Under discussion” is the appropriate choice, indicating that the ethical implications of AI development are currently being debated or considered. It conveys the ongoing nature of the debate in a straightforward manner. “At hand” implies immediacy but lacks the explicit reference to debate, “in question” could work but is less direct than “under discussion,” and “on the table” is more informal and less specific to debate.

Gap 3: A) wherein 

• “Wherein” is correct for this gap, introducing the context or situation in which AI has permeated daily routines through smart devices and virtual assistants. “Wherein” sets the stage for describing the environment or circumstances under which AI’s integration occurs. “Whereby” implies a process or method, which is less fitting for describing the context of integration. “Whereupon” is more suited to sequences of events, and “wherewith” is not contextually appropriate.

Gap 4: C) through the lens of 

• “Through the lens of” is the right choice, suggesting a perspective or viewpoint for considering the collaborative effort required among various stakeholders in AI development. It implies looking at the issue with a focus on collaboration for ethical and equitable realization of AI’s benefits. “In the midst of” suggests being surrounded by without the focus on perspective, “at the helm of” implies leadership rather than collaboration, and “on the brink of” indicates being on the verge of something, which does not fit the context of ongoing collaboration.

Gap 5: D) through the prism of 

• “Through the prism of” is the correct choice, indicating a perspective or way of considering the opportunities presented by AI with attention to its ethical, social, and technological implications. It suggests viewing the opportunities in a multifaceted way, similar to how light is split into colors by a prism, emphasizing a thoughtful and nuanced approach. “At hand” suggests immediacy without the perspective, “in light of” implies consideration of certain factors but lacks the nuance of “through the prism of,” and “by means of” indicates a method or tool, which is not the focus here.

Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks. Question 2: 

Gap 1: A) championed 

• “Championed” is the correct choice because it conveys the idea of actively supporting or advocating for environmental sustainability. It reflects the positive and proactive efforts of various stakeholders in promoting sustainability, aligning with the context of collective endeavors. “Hindered,” “overlooked,” and “facilitated” do not accurately capture the proactive and supportive nature of these efforts.

Gap 2: A) that 

• “That” is the appropriate choice here, introducing a restrictive clause that specifies the type of mindset shift required for engaging in sustainable practices. It indicates a change in priorities to focus on ecological health over short-term benefits. “Which” could also be used in a non-restrictive clause, but “that” more precisely defines the necessary shift. “Where” and “through” do not fit the grammatical structure intended for describing a condition or criterion.

Gap 3: A) that 

• “That” is correct, introducing a defining relative clause that specifies the goal of waste reduction. It indicates the actionable objective that can be achieved through specific strategies like mindful consumption, recycling, and reuse. “Which” could be used similarly, but “that” more directly relates the goal to the actions described. “Where” and “who” do not apply to the context of achieving a goal.

Gap 4: A) that 

• “That” is the right choice, introducing a relative clause that describes the challenge of transitioning to renewable energy sources. It emphasizes the nature of the challenge and its significance for sustainability and climate change mitigation. “Which” could be used in a similar manner, but “that” succinctly identifies the specific challenge being addressed. “Where” and “who” are not appropriate for describing a challenge.

Gap 5: A) toward

• “Toward” is the correct preposition, indicating direction or movement in the context of progressing to a more sustainable world. It suggests a forward-looking approach to environmental preservation and human prosperity, aligning with the message of collective action and future-oriented goals. “Against,” “from,” and “beyond” do not accurately convey the intended directionality and goal of sustainability efforts.

Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks. Question 3: 

Gap 1: C) whereby 

• “Whereby” is the correct choice because it indicates the process or method through which collective action is required for environmental conservation. It effectively communicates how the mission necessitates a coordinated effort across various levels of society. “Whence” is inappropriate as it refers to “from where,” “within” suggests an internal location or context, and “wherewithal” refers to the means or resources available, which doesn’t fit the context of describing a mission.

Gap 2: B) through 

• “Through” is the appropriate choice, signifying the medium or process by which local initiatives can lead to sustainable practices. It emphasizes the pathway or means by which communities engage in environmental action, fitting the context of grassroots movements driving change. “Amongst” implies being in the company of, “over” is more suited for overcoming obstacles, and “within” suggests something occurring inside a defined space, making “through” the most contextually accurate choice.

Gap 3: A) for 

• “For” is correct, indicating the purpose or aim behind the advancement of green technologies. It links innovations directly to their goal of achieving a sustainable and eco-friendly future, underscoring the importance of these technologies in environmental conservation efforts. “With” implies accompaniment, “towards” suggests direction but lacks the purposeful intent conveyed by “for,” and “against” is oppositional, which does not fit the context of supporting sustainability.

Gap 4: A) for

• “For” again is the right choice, this time emphasizing the purpose of education in raising awareness and understanding of ecological issues. It conveys the goal of empowering individuals to make planet-friendly choices, highlighting the directive nature of education in the conservation effort. “With,” “towards,” and “against” do not accurately capture the intended purpose of education in this scenario.

Gap 5: A) for 

• “For” is the correct choice, expressing support or advocacy in belief in a better future for our planet. It signifies the motivation driving the commitment to conservation and sustainability, indicating the positive outcome envisioned through these efforts. “With” would imply accompaniment, “towards” direction without explicitly stating advocacy, and “against” would imply opposition, making “for” the most suitable choice in expressing hope and belief in a greener tomorrow.

Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks. Question 4: 

Gap 1: C) as 

• Explanation: “as” is the correct option because it smoothly connects the concept of culinary fusion to the description that follows, indicating the process or manner in which these culinary traditions are blended. “is” and “being” are too direct and do not fit the context of explaining a process, while “in” lacks the necessary connection between the concept and its definition.

Gap 2: B) with 

• Explanation: “with” is the correct choice here because it is commonly used to describe the act of incorporating or using something, in this case, exotic spices and ingredients. “through,” “by,” and “from” do not properly convey the intended meaning of actively using these elements in cooking.

Gap 3: B) whereby 

• Explanation: “whereby” is appropriate as it introduces the means or method through which street food vendors contribute to culinary fusion. It signifies a process resulting in innovation and introduction of fusion dishes. “wherein” implies a location, “where” is too broad and general, and “while” suggests a time aspect rather than a method. 

Gap 4: D) including 

• Explanation: “including” is the best fit as it implies the addition of something (in this case, platforms for sharing culinary discoveries) within a larger group or context, which is essential for the spread of fusion cuisine. “alike,” “such as,” and “likewise” do not accurately reflect the role of these platforms in facilitating the sharing process.

Gap 5: C) between 

• Explanation: “between” is correct because it refers to the balance or relationship that needs to be maintained between two concepts: respect for heritage and the embrace of innovation. This option effectively captures the idea of navigating or finding a middle ground. “within” suggests something happening inside a single entity, “through” implies movement from one end to another, and “among” is used for relationships involving more than two entities or for distribution in a group, which does not precisely fit the context of balancing two specific concepts.

Reading and Writing: Fill in the blanks. Question 5: 

Gap 1: C) embodying 

• Explanation: “embodying” is the most suitable choice because it conveys the idea of cryptocurrency and blockchain technology representing or giving a tangible form to the concept of a decentralized ledger. “Epitomizing” and “exemplifying” suggest being a perfect example of something, which might be slightly off-target in this context. “Constituting” could work but is less precise than “embodying” in suggesting the manifestation of principles.

Gap 2: D) whereby 

• Explanation: “whereby” is the correct option as it refers to the method or process through which cryptocurrency offers banking access to unbanked populations. “Thereby,” “hence,” and “thus” are more suited to demonstrating a result or conclusion rather than describing a process or method.

Gap 3: C) in which 

• Explanation: “in which” fits best because it introduces the conditions or environment within the cryptocurrency market that investors must navigate. “Wherein” and “whereby” could potentially be used but are less direct in this case. “Through which” implies a more physical or linear passage, which doesn’t quite suit the context of navigating market conditions.

Gap 4: B) leads to 

• Explanation: “leads to” is the appropriate choice for indicating the direct consequence or outcome (the creation of a patchwork of rules) of the lack of uniform regulation. “Results in” is similar but “leads to” implies a more direct causation. “Contributes to” suggests partial causation, and “gives rise to” could be used but is more commonly associated with the emergence of new phenomena rather than the direct consequences.

Gap 5: B) envisaging

• Explanation: “envisaging” is the most fitting option as it involves imagining or contemplating the future in a specific way, which aligns with the context of considering the role of digital currencies in future transactions. “Envisioning” is almost synonymous but slightly less formal. “Predicting” and “foreseeing” imply a degree of certainty or foresight that is beyond mere contemplation or speculation, making “envisaging” the most nuanced choice for discussing the potential future scenarios of cryptocurrency.

Multiple-Choice, Question 1: 

1. B) To integrate 5G technology and advanced IoT solutions for improved connectivity and smart city capabilities.

• The passage describes the deployment of 5G technology and the incorporation of IoT solutions as key components of the project, aimed at providing ultra-fast internet speeds, lower latency, and supporting smart city ecosystems.

1. D) To promote digital inclusivity by expanding network coverage to underserved and rural areas.

• Extending the reach of the network to include underserved and rural areas is highlighted as a goal to bridge the digital divide, ensuring that these communities have access to high-quality telecommunications services.

1. E) To implement sustainability measures through the use of energy-efficient components and green energy.

• The project includes a focus on sustainability, with the introduction of energy-efficient network components and the adoption of green energy sources, underlining the company’s commitment to environmental stewardship.

Multiple-Choice, Question 2: 

1. B) To provide a personalized and immersive shopping experience using VR and AI.

• The passage describes the development of a VR platform that offers immersive, interactive shopping experiences and personalized recommendations, highlighting a focus on enhancing customer engagement and satisfaction through technology. 

1. D) To improve environmental sustainability by reducing the retail industry’s carbon

• The initiative is noted for its sustainability angle, aiming to reduce the carbon footprint associated with traditional retail by minimizing physical inventory needs and customer travel emissions, indicating a goal toward environmental responsibility.

1. E) To streamline supply chain operations and expand market reach through advanced

• The integration of real-time inventory management and advanced logistics algorithms to streamline supply chain operations and reach underserved markets is emphasized, showcasing an objective to improve operational efficiency and inclusivity.

 

Reorder Paragraph, Question 1: 

B: “The idea for the startup sparked during a late-night brainstorming session among friends, where we identified a gap in the market that our skills could address.” 

• Explanation: This sentence sets the stage, marking the conception of the startup idea, which naturally initiates the sequence of events in a startup’s journey. 

F: “The formation of our core team followed the ideation phase, as we sought out individuals with the complementary skills necessary to bring our vision to life.” ● Explanation: Following the ideation phase, assembling a team with the necessary skills is a logical next step for beginning to operationalize the startup idea. 

A: “After several iterations, our prototype finally met the high standards we had set, signaling it was time to present our solution to potential investors and partners.” 

• Explanation: With a team in place, the next phase involves developing a prototype, iterating based on initial feedback and internal standards to prepare for investor presentations.

D: “With the business plan refined and our team in place, we began the arduous process of pitching to venture capitalists, facing a series of rejections before finally securing the funding needed to move forward.” 

• Explanation: Having a prototype suggests readiness for seeking funding; thus, pitching to venture capitalists represents the struggle and eventual success in securing financial backing to advance the startup. 

E: “Initial feedback from early adopters was invaluable, guiding us through a series of revisions to our product, each change bringing us closer to a market-ready version.” 

• Explanation: After securing funding and continuing product development, gathering and implementing feedback from early adopters is critical for refining the product towards a market-ready state. 

C: “Securing our first major client was a milestone that validated our hard work, as they were impressed by our innovative solution and the potential impact it could have on their operations.” 

• Explanation: The narrative culminates in securing the first major client, a key validation point for the startup, proving the product’s value and market fit, and representing a significant achievement in the startup’s development. 

Reorder Paragraph, Question 2: 

B: “My culinary journey began in my grandmother’s kitchen, where I was first introduced to the basics of cooking and the love for crafting delicious meals.” ● Explanation: This sentence sets the initial stage of the narrative, highlighting the early inspiration and foundational experiences in cooking, which naturally starts the journey. 

F: “With a solid foundation and a growing passion, I decided to pursue formal culinary education, enrolling in a prestigious cooking school to learn the theoretical and practical aspects of gastronomy.” 

• Explanation: Following an initial interest sparked by familial influence, seeking formal education to deepen knowledge and skills in cooking is a logical progression in a chef’s career. 

C: “To hone my skills further, I traveled the world, learning from various cultures and their cooking techniques, which greatly influenced my approach to creating new dishes.”

• Explanation: After formal education, expanding culinary horizons through global exposure represents a phase of personal and professional growth, enriching the chef’s repertoire. 

E: “The experience of working in different kitchens, from small local diners to high-end restaurants, provided me with a diverse set of skills and a deep appreciation for various culinary traditions.” 

• Explanation: Gaining practical experience across a range of culinary settings is a critical step in developing a comprehensive skill set, bridging the gap between education and mastery. 

D: “After years of hard work, I finally earned the opportunity to work under a renowned chef, whose mentorship was pivotal in refining my skills and understanding of sophisticated culinary practices.” 

• Explanation: Mentorship by a renowned chef is a significant milestone, marking an advanced stage in the chef’s career development, focusing on refinement and specialization of skills. 

A: “Winning a prestigious cooking competition catapulted my reputation, allowing me to establish my own restaurant, which soon became a culinary destination for food enthusiasts.” 

• Explanation: Achieving recognition through a cooking competition serves as a culmination of the narrative, translating accumulated experience and skill into professional success and public acknowledgment. 

 

Fill in the blanks – Question 1: 

1. efficiency – The correct word for the first blank is “efficiency.” This term is chosen because it directly relates to the improvements AI brings to industries by making processes faster, reducing costs, and automating routine tasks. “Operational” could seem relevant, but “efficiency” more accurately captures the broad benefits of AI in enhancing the performance and productivity of various sectors.
2. ethical – For the second blank, “ethical” is the most fitting choice. It refers to the moral considerations and responsibilities that come with the development and deployment of AI technologies, such as preventing bias and ensuring fairness. While “socioeconomic” issues are also important, “ethical” specifically addresses the concerns related to the principles guiding AI use, making it the most appropriate choice for highlighting the need for ethical considerations.
3. socioeconomic – “Socioeconomic” correctly fills the third blank, emphasizing the broader social and economic implications of integrating AI into the workforce.

This term captures the challenges related to employment, such as the displacement of jobs and the necessity for re-skilling workers. “Adaptation” is relevant but “socioeconomic” more comprehensively addresses the complex dilemmas of how AI impacts the labor market and societal structures. 

4. transparency – The term “transparency” is the appropriate choice for the fourth blank. It highlights the importance of being open and clear about how AI systems operate, make decisions, and are deployed in various applications. Transparency is crucial for building public trust and ensuring that AI is used in a responsible and accountable manner. “Reliability” is important for AI systems, but “transparency” specifically addresses the need for openness to foster trust among users and stakeholders.

Fill in the blanks – Question 2: 

1. identities – The correct word for the first blank is “identities.” This term is chosen because it directly refers to the sense of self and collective belonging that is influenced by cultural practices, beliefs, and traditions. The passage discusses how globalization impacts these cultural identities by introducing a mix of influences that can enrich but also challenge traditional ways of life. “Homogeneity” and “assimilation” are outcomes or processes influenced by globalization, but “identities” directly addresses what is being affected.
2. diffusion – For the second blank, “diffusion” is the most fitting choice. It refers to the spread of cultural elements across borders, facilitated by globalization. This term accurately captures how international media and the internet have made various cultural expressions more accessible worldwide, leading to a broader exchange of cultural products and ideas. While “exchange” is also related, “diffusion” more specifically denotes the process of cultural spread and integration into different societies.
3. erosion – “Erosion” correctly fills the third blank, highlighting the concerns about the loss or weakening of distinct cultural identities due to the overwhelming influence of global culture. This term conveys the idea that unique cultural features may be diminished or lost in the face of widespread cultural assimilation and homogenization. “Homogeneity” describes a potential result of this process, but “erosion” more directly addresses the concern of losing cultural uniqueness.
4. preservation – The term “preservation” is the appropriate choice for the fourth blank. It emphasizes the importance of safeguarding cultural diversity by supporting local traditions and languages in the face of global influences. Preservation initiatives aim to maintain and protect the uniqueness of cultures while still allowing for global interconnectedness and exchange. “Assimilation” refers to the process of integrating into a different culture, but “preservation” specifically addresses the action required to protect cultural diversity against the backdrop of globalization. 

Fill in the blanks – Question 3: 

1. displaced – The correct word for the first blank is “displaced.” This term is chosen because it directly addresses the concern that traditional jobs will be eliminated or significantly altered due to advancements in automation and AI. “Obsolete” also relates to jobs becoming outdated, but “displaced” more accurately captures the idea of workers being moved out of their current roles due to technological changes.
2. prepared – For the second blank, “prepared” is the most fitting choice. It emphasizes the need for the workforce to be ready and equipped to handle the shifts brought about by technological advancements. Preparation involves education, training, and adapting to new job requirements. While “resilience” and “adaptability” are important qualities, “prepared” specifically refers to the proactive measures needed to equip individuals for future changes in the job market.
3. innovation – “Innovation” correctly fills the third blank, highlighting the value of human creativity and ingenuity in the evolving workplace. As AI and automation take over routine tasks, the unique creative and innovative capacities of humans will distinguish them from machines, suggesting that jobs requiring these qualities will be in demand. “Engagement” is also valuable, but “innovation” more directly pertains to the creative contributions that cannot be replicated by AI.
4. adaptability – The term “adaptability” is the appropriate choice for the fourth blank. It reflects the necessity for policies that support the workforce’s ability to adjust to new realities, including continuous learning and skill development. “Adaptability” encompasses the broader concept of being able to change and evolve in response to new challenges, which is essential for thriving in a job market transformed by AI and automation. “Resilience” relates to enduring challenges, but “adaptability” more specifically captures the proactive aspect of adjusting and growing in response to technological advancements.

Fill in the blanks – Question 4: 

1. perceptual – The correct word for the first blank is “perceptual.” This term is chosen because it directly relates to the way VR technology influences our sensory perception and challenges our understanding of what constitutes reality. “Perceptual” focuses on the sensory experiences and how they are interpreted by the mind, making it the most suitable choice given the context of VR’s impact on our conventional notions of reality.
2. immersive – For the second blank, “immersive” is the most fitting choice. It emphasizes the characteristic of VR environments that envelop users, creating a sense of being completely surrounded by and engaged in a digital world. “Immersive” realms highlight VR’s capacity to create experiences that fully capture the user’s attention and senses, distinguishing them from traditional experiences.
3. ontological – “Ontological” correctly fills the third blank, addressing the philosophical study of the nature of being, existence, or reality itself. The use of VR and its ability to blur the lines between the real and the virtual prompts ontological inquiries regarding the authenticity of our experiences and what it means to exist. This term is chosen over others like “existential” because it directly pertains to the fundamental questions of existence that VR technology provokes.
4. cognitive – The term “cognitive” is the appropriate choice for the fourth blank. It refers to the processes involved in thinking, understanding, learning, and consciousness. In the context of VR’s impact on human perception, “cognitive” aspects include how VR experiences influence our thought processes, awareness, and perceptions of self and reality. While “subjective” and “phenomenological” are relevant, “cognitive” more broadly encompasses the mental processes affected by VR.
5. phenomenological – Finally, “phenomenological” is the best fit for the last blank. This philosophical approach focuses on the study of conscious experiences from the first-person perspective, emphasizing the subjective interpretation of experiences. VR technology, by offering new, artificially constructed experiences, invites phenomenological examination of the unique aspects of human perception, including how we experience and interpret the virtual worlds. This term captures the essence of exploring the subjective, experiential qualities of engaging with VR. 

 

Multiple Choice, Single Answer – Question 1: 

Answer: B. “Tech Demo Pavilion” 

Explanation: The “Tech Demo Pavilion” is specifically designed to provide hands-on experience with the latest advancements in transportation technology. Unlike the keynote sessions, panels, or workshops, which focus on discussions, insights, and theoretical learning, the Tech Demo Pavilion allows attendees to directly interact with, and experience, the newest prototypes and technological solutions in the field of transportation. This direct engagement makes it the correct choice. 

Multiple Choice, Single Answer – Question 2: 

Answer: B. “Innovation Showcase” 

Explanation: The “Innovation Showcase” is uniquely designed to display the latest advancements and breakthroughs in renewable energy technology. Unlike the plenary sessions, which are geared towards discussions on trends and challenges, or the policy roundtables and workshops, which focus on policy discussions and hands-on learning, the Innovation Showcase provides a platform for companies and research institutions to exhibit their most recent projects and technological innovations in the field of renewable energy, making it the correct choice.